Generally, the ground wire size for a 200 amp service ranges from 2 AWG to 8 AWG. The best one is 2 AWG for copper wire and 4 AWG for aluminum or copper-clad aluminum wire. It is recommended to use them with 1.5-2.5 inches schedule 40 or 80 PVC conduit for underground service. It may differ depending on the materials, permission rules, codes, etc.The best size of wire for a 400 amp service is 1,000 kcmil aluminum or 400 kcmil gauge copper wire considering 167 degrees Fahrenheit overload. However, if you are going for 140 degrees Fahrenheit ...Mar 30, 2023 · A 400 Amp service panel and 400 Amp meter base require a 750 kmil (750 MCM) 0r 1000 kcmil (1000 MCM) aluminum wire at 194°F or only 1000 kcmil (1000 MCM) at 167 °F. For copper wire, you will need 600 kcmil (600 MCM) copper wire for both 167 °F and 194°F. For a 140 °F underground service, 1250 kcmil aluminum and 750 kcmil copper cables are ...GROUNDING: 1. National Electric Code approved grounding required. For 100amp service, bond enclosure with #6 bare copper. For 200amp service, bond enclosure with #4 bare copper. For 400amp service, bond enclosure with #2 bare copper. 2. Ground wire between meter enclosure ground lug and ground rod shall be continuous with no splices.Apr 26, 2022. #4. Our poco would run a 4/0 triplex for a 400 amp underground service, until they got so many complaints about voltage drop. Apparently they got sued, now they reduced the max length of the secondary, and run 350. I built a 1200 amp service, and they wanted to drop 3-sets of 4/0 to it!According to the National Electrical Code, or NEC, a ground system should have a grounding resistance of 25 ohms or less. Achieving this may require more than one ground rod. The earth ground ensures the safety of an electrical system—the key components are the grounding rod, grounding wire, and grounding clamp.Since you posted he told us only about 40 feet. Thing with paralleling is a 225 amp main breaker or main lugs in a panel likely only rated for single conductor termination. If he is feeding from a 400 amp fused disconnect, which I think he is, it is more likely to have terminals that will accept two conductors per termination.Conduit wire amp size 200 diameter drop 200 amp ground wire size chart Installing service upgrade from 200 amp to 400 amp, 320 continuous do What Size Aluminum Wire For 200 Amp Service : Posted on april 14, 2016What Size Wire Is Needed For 400-Amp Service? You need an aluminum wire of 1000kcmil while copper wire of 600kcmil at 167 °F-194°F. 400 amp wire size. Wire: Temperature: ... 200 Amp Service Ground Wire Size; 150 Amp Service; 800 Amp Service ; Stellar Jackson. Recent Posts. link to Can You Run 120V And 480V In The …Eaton Electrical 3MTB400R 120/208 VAC 400 Amp 3-Phase 4-Wire Main Circuit Breaker Group Metering. Manufacturer: Cutler-Hammer / Eaton | Catalog # 3MTB400R | Viking Electric Part # 410966 *Call For Price* ... Wire Size. 250 kcmil. Manufacturer Information Brand. Eaton. General Product Info 12-Digit UPC. 786849053086. Color. Black. GTiN ...This is a good goal to shoot for when sizing the conductors for an underground cable. The following are the maximum lengths of cable you can use while still maintaining a 3 percent voltage drop for the given wire size (AWG) and circuit voltage. As an example, for a 120-volt circuit, you can run up to 50 feet of 14 AWG cable without exceeding 3 ...Where the grounding electrode conductor is connected to rod, pipe, or plate electrodes as permitted in 250.52(A)(5)or 250.52(A)(6), that portion of the conductor that is the sole connection to the grounding electrode shall not be required to be larger than 6 AWG copper wire or 4 AWG aluminum wire.A pair of paralle 1/0's will give you an ampacity of 520, and that is the smallest size you can use to get a total of 400 or higher. You can put them in one conduit, even if the run were longer than 24 inches. The 90C rating of 1/0 copper is 260. Putting 6 current-carrying conductors in one conduit, and derating to 80%, gives you an ampacity of ...1.8.1 Ground rods and ground wires shall be installed a minimum of 24" away from the riser pipe to permit the installation and maintenance of service cables. 1.9 For larger service sizes or long service runs, customer shall check with Local Operating ... 320/400 AMP 4.1 Used for the following services: 120/240 volt, 1 phase, 3 wireYou can use our Solar Wire Size Calculator to select the proper wire for your needs. Below you will find a detailed explanation on how to use the calculator, and how it selects the proper wire for the different sections of solar power systems. We also offer amazon link of viable wires base on your result when possible.In short, if we have a grounded wire, we can use a smaller wire size than for ungrounded wires. Obviously, the most useful part of the NEC 310.12 section is the conductor or wire size for 100A - 400A services or feeders. Here is the whole table: 310.12 Table For Wire Sizes (100-400 Amp Service, Feeders)Where the grounding electrode conductor is connected to rod, pipe, or plate electrodes as permitted in 250.52(A)(5)or 250.52(A)(6), that portion of the conductor that is the sole connection to the grounding electrode shall not be required to be larger than 6 AWG copper wire or 4 AWG aluminum wire.It is based on the wire size you use for the hot and neutral connections. For 100 amps, if you use 4 AWG copper or 2 AWG aluminum wires, you can use 8 AWG copper or 6 AWG aluminum wires for grounding. If you follow the ampacity chart, you will need 3 AWG copper or 1 AWG aluminum for 100 amps. In that case, the ground wire will be 8 AWG copper ...The ground wire in a 100 amp service is designed to provide a safe path for electrical current to flow in the event of a fault or short circuit. How do I determine the proper size of ground wire for a 100 amp service? The size of the ground wire for a 100 amp service depends on the type of wiring used and the distance between the electrical ...For a 400 amp service with aluminum, aim for a 1,000 kcmil wire. And for the ground, a 1 AWG aluminum wire should do the trick. So here’s a quick recap for you: Copper: Go with 600 kcmil for the main wire and 3 AWG for the ground. Aluminum: Opt for 1,000 kcmil for the main wire and 1 AWG for the ground.conduit. Using Table 250.66, determine the maximum size grounding electrode conductor required for this service. STEP 1. Determine the size of the largest ungrounded conductor in each raceway. STEP 2. Determine the maximum size grounding electrode conductor (GEC) required for this service. SOLUTION. Two parallel 500 kcmil copper conductors:I agree with Kwired-- Ma. under the 2014 NEC so the 83% factor would be the rule for residential work. Assuming 2/0 copper at 75C we get 175 amps. Parallel the 2/0 and we get an ampacity of 350 amps. 400 amp service at 83% is equal to 332 amps. As long as the conductor is rated 332 amps or better then it is compliant on a 400 amp service at 83%.2) At your main electrical panel you could install a couple of feet of 6 AWG stranded copper or 4 AWG stranded AL for the 50 amp breaker. Either of wire sizes are rated for a 50 amp feeder breaker. At the main panel, use either of this size. If using the 4 AWG Aluminum, make sure the 50 amp breaker is rated for AL wiring.GROUNDING: 1. National Electric Code approved grounding required. For 100amp service, bond enclosure with #6 bare copper. For 200amp service, bond enclosure with #4 bare copper. For 400amp service, bond enclosure with #2 bare copper. 2. Ground wire between meter enclosure ground lug and ground rod shall be continuous with no splices.Oct 1, 2023 · What Is The Ground Wire Size For 400-Amp Service? The correct ground wire size to use for a 400-amp service typically depends on the gauge cable used for the panel. Assuming that the service panel uses a 700 kcmil copper wire, a ground wire that can handle 5,000 amps should suffice.Example 4: Size a copper wire-type equipment grounding conductor for a squirrel cage, 7 ½ hp, 3-phase, 208 V motor. ... Solution: Enter table 250.122 with 400 A and read conductor size N° 3 AWG, copper. Figure 4. Setup for Example 7. Image used courtesy of Lorenzo Mari .What size wire for 100 amp service 200 feet underground? For a 100-amp service running 200 feet underground, you would typically need copper wire sized at least 3/0 AWG or aluminum wire sized at least 2/0 AWG for the service entrance conductors. However, consult local codes and an electrician for precise sizing based on your specific installation.This is a follow up to my riser diagram question. The builder I am drawing for is using a 400 amp service coming underground. He plans on splitting the service and running 200 ams in the house and 200 amps in his barn. my question is this. Comming up from the ground with a 400 amp service, what size wire will it be. I know that the 200 amp will ...A few questions in regards to grounding a 400 amp commercial service with two 200 amp panels side by side being fed from one 400 amp meter. 1.) What article 250 table do I use in order to size the ground wire I need to use to bond water & gas pipes on a commercial building with a 400 amp...%PDF-1.4 %âãÏÓ 6 0 obj > endobj xref 6 54 0000000016 00000 n 0000001633 00000 n 0000001745 00000 n 0000002378 00000 n 0000002940 00000 n 0000003541 00000 n 0000004123 00000 n 0000004157 00000 n 0000004201 00000 n 0000004245 00000 n 0000005968 00000 n 0000007346 00000 n 0000008261 00000 n 0000009172 00000 n 0000009380 00000 n 0000010664 00000 n 0000011379 00000 n 0000012078 00000 n ...When it comes to a 100 amp service, you’ll need to determine the appropriate size for your ground wire. Generally, experts recommend using a #8 AWG copper wire or a #6 AWG aluminum wire for grounding and bonding in a 100 amp service.The ground wire for 600-amp service: When it comes to the ground wire, we will need 1-kcmil gauge wire of copper wire and Aluminum 2/0-kcmil wires. Aluminum wire for 600-amp service: Now the size of aluminum wire for 600-amp service is 2000 kcmil. Copper wire for 600-amp service: In this case, we always need to follow a rule of thumb.The best wire size for 50 amp service is a 6 AWG wire. The wire size will change based on various factors, like wire material, voltage drop, and distance. So, the wire size is 6 AWG copper or 4 AWG aluminum. The longer the distance, the more the resistance and the voltage drop.The recommended wire size for a 60 amp circuit depends on factors such as voltage, distance, location, and material used. For 120V, the recommended wire size is 6 gauge copper or 4 gauge aluminum. For 240V, the recommended wire size is 4 gauge copper or 2 gauge aluminum. For 480V, the recommended wire size is 2 gauge copper or 1/0 gauge ...Oct 1, 2023 · What Is The Ground Wire Size For 400-Amp Service? The correct ground wire size to use for a 400-amp service typically depends on the gauge cable used for the panel. Assuming that the service panel uses a 700 kcmil copper wire, a ground wire that can handle 5,000 amps should suffice.2)If you have a 400 amp service that only supplies line to neutral loads the neutral will have to be full size. 3)If you have a 400 amp service that supplies both L to L and L to N loads the size of the neutral can be reduced to only have to carry the greatest possible current on the neutral. There is no way to go with #3 without load calculations.This is a follow up to my riser diagram question. The builder I am drawing for is using a 400 amp service coming underground. He plans on splitting the service and running 200 ams in the house and 200 amps in his barn. my question is this. Comming up from the ground with a 400 amp service, what size wire will it be. I know that the 200 amp will ...Min. Ampacity (150W) = 12.5A × 1.25 = 15.63A. That means we need a wire size with an ampacity of 15.63A or higher. To choose the correct AWG wire size for a 12-volt circuit, consult the complete AWG wire size chart here. From this chart, we see that 18 AWG wire has an ampacity of 14A (copper wire, at average 75°C).We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us.350 kcmil Copper Wire. 500 kcmil Aluminum Wire. 400 Amps. 400 kcmil Copper Wire. 600 kcmil Aluminum Wire. This table is quite easy to use. For example, let’s say you are trying to figure out the feeder wire size for 300 amp service. By checking this table, you can see you will need either 4/0 AWG copper wire or 300 kcmil aluminum wire to ...Re: 400 A service entrance neutral wire size? As pointed out by KJay, 250.66 is the minimum sized grounded conductor (usually a neutral) that is permitted. This size is required to provide adequate capacity to conduct ground fault currents back to the source.The ground wire for 600-amp service: When it comes to the ground wire, we will need 1-kcmil gauge wire of copper wire and Aluminum 2/0-kcmil wires. Aluminum wire for 600-amp service: Now the size of aluminum wire for 600-amp service is 2000 kcmil. Copper wire for 600-amp service: In this case, we always need to follow a rule of thumb.Wire Gauge Size: 60°C (140°F) NM-B, UF-B: 75°C (167°F) THW, THWN, SE, USE, XHHW: 90°C (194°F) THWN-2, THHN, XHHW-2, USE-2: 75°C (167°F) THW, THWN, SE, USE, XHHW: ... Devices and Amp Draw: The number and type of electrical devices connected to a circuit determine the ampacity requirement of the conductor. For example, a typical general ...This is a good goal to shoot for when sizing the conductors for an underground cable. The following are the maximum lengths of cable you can use while still maintaining a 3 percent voltage drop for the given wire size (AWG) and circuit voltage. As an example, for a 120-volt circuit, you can run up to 50 feet of 14 AWG cable without exceeding 3 ...Looking for advice from anyone who rebuilds services on the daily. In VA the status quo is a #6 cu from the disconnect, with two 8' ground rods for a 200amp . For a service (320 meter) that has two means of disconnect by way of 2-200 amp panels we generally will run to each ground rod unbroken and then through both disconnects.120/240 volt, 3 wire, single phase service-entrance conductors, service lateral conductors and feeder conductors that serve as the main power feeder to a dwelling unit and are installed in raceway or cable with or without an equipment grounding conductor. For application of this section, the mainThe method to establish a base minimum size for the grounded (neutral) conductor hasn't really changed, spoiler alert, but at the least easier to understand. The reference is now 250.24 (D) for sizing grounded conductors, and 250.24 (D) (2) specifically for our Two or More Raceways or Cables installations.The electrician can help you determine the appropriate distance between the service panel and the ground rods or plates and recommend the minimum ground wire size needed for optimal performance and safety. Importance of Grounding System for 200-Amp Service. Proper grounding is crucial for any electrical system, and a 200-amp service is no ...For a 100-amp subpanel, the recommended size of the ground wire is #8 AWG copper wire. However, if the subpanel is located at a separate building or structure, a #6 AWG copper wire is required to account for the longer distance and potential voltage drop. It is crucial to follow the NEC standards and consult with a licensed electrician to ...Here is part 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbYHvVH_hmkNo matter what, if you're going underground code states that it must be 200 amps 4/0 wire in a 2-in...350 Amps. 350 kcmil Copper Wire. 500 kcmil Aluminum Wire. 400 Amps. 400 kcmil Copper Wire. 600 kcmil Aluminum Wire. This table is quite easy to use. For example, let's say you are trying to figure out the feeder wire size for 300 amp service. By checking this table, you can see you will need either 4/0 AWG copper wire or 300 kcmil aluminum ...For a 600 amp service, there are two options. One is to use a single 1250 MCM copper conductor or parallel/triple conductors with a smaller wire size. The other is two 400 MCM conductors. It depends on the equipment, length, type of load, insulation rating, conduit limitation, and ground wire size.. Wire size selection is about being the right size. Understanding AWG and amp ratings is key to ...What is the correct way to do a 400 amp service with 2 200amp panels? Or a 600 amp with 3 200amp main breaker panels? Do I need a gutter above the panel with taps, or can I run 3/0 from each panel to the whether head? What about grounding and bonding two or 3 main panels? The service in question is 3 phase.maximum of 200 amps will be metered with a 200 Amp Service. All 400 Amp Services are restricted to single-family residences and 120/208 or 120/240 three-phase loads. Self-Contained 400 Amp Services exceeding 240 volts from line-to- line or line-to-ground are not permitted on the N.W.E. system. With the exception of veryIn US households, the cooper wire size will be around 250-300 KCMil for 200-amp service for 300 feet away. On the other hand, the aluminum wire needs to be 400-500 KCMil. If you are living in the United State, it’s compulsory to have an idea of NEC (National Electric Code). It is a US-based benchmark that gives code telling what size, …The size of the wire is always the same in theory (we'll cover how big a wire you need for a 60 amp breaker further on): 60 amp wire size is either 6 AWG or 4 AWG wire (AWG stands for American Wire Gauge; standard wire sizing is the US) for 220V voltage. An amateur will use a 6 AWG wire size for 60 amp 220V. A professional will always use 4 ...400 amps * .83= 332 amps conductor- which is necessary for the 400 amp service on a residence. You would have to de-rate 80% because of the number of conductors in a conduit. 4/0 aluminum is good for 205 amps at 90C--- 205 * 2= 410.... 80% of 410= 328 which is what Wayne had.Ground Wire Size Calculator; Maximum Wire Ampacity Calculator; ... You need 350 kcmil copper wire for a 400 amp 120/208V 3 phase service. ... The correct wire size for a 400 amp 3 phase circuit is 350 kcmil. What gauge wire should be used for 70 amps? For 70 amps, a #1 AWG wire should be used. ...Conduit size required for 100, 200, 400 amp service. 400 amp isn't what I'd be considering, but the guy from the power company said running two pair of 200 amp wires would be sufficient. Electrician said 4/0 aluminum 3-wire for the 200 amp service. Electrician said #2 aluminum 4-wire for 100 amp service to the garage.400amp. I think everyone does it different. We used to add a service knob (emily knob) with a lag screw for support for drop. Then would run 2x2" EMT Conduits with 4/0-4/0-2/0 XHHW paralelled to meter. We bonded the 2-200 amp mains together and ran the grounding conductors you mentioned from one of the 200's.He is requiring the 4oo amp service to have a 400 amp main panel, from there 2 200 amp sub panels. According to load, 500 cmils for service entrance is required. Meter is on the other side of wall. Service coming into the back of the panel. With double lugs on the meter load terminals, two 200a mains would also work.For a service that uses four paralleled 500 kcmil conductors per phase, the minimum size main bonding jumper is 250 kcmil. Summary: Table 250.102(C)(1) is used to select the Grounded Conductor, Main Bonding Jumper, System Bonding Jumper and Supply-Side Bonding Jumper, based on the size of the largest ungrounded phase conductor.This video shows what size wire to buy when installing or upgrading an electric service panel. The type of wire to use in most instances is service entrance ...Without the 83% rule for dwellings, this would be 335A. For dwellings, it would be 400 (because we cant seem to go above 400 otherwise it would be 404). Because you have two service enclosures, see 250.64 (D) - depending on what method you use, there may be taps that can be smaller than the main GEC.Apr 7, 2022 · By understanding what size ground rod is needed for a 400 amp service, you can ensure that your home is safe and sound. Service Entrance 100amp To 200 Code Questions. Untitled. What Size Wire Is Best For A 100a Sub Panel At 275 Feet Quora. Section 3. 400 Amp Meter Base Combo Grounding Diy Home Improvement Forum. Cost To Replace Electrical Panel ...It might be worth while to get an engineer involved with a project of this size and costs. A service that looks to be 2500 Amps, 125 sites to feed 9600 VA to. Did the power company stick with a 400 amp service recommendation? That is about 3 amps per site. Good luck it sounds like it could be a nice job, BobFor sizing a grounding electrode conductor (GEC) for a single service, the grounding electrode conductor is required to be sized in accordance with 250.66 and Table 250.66. That conductor is required to be a minimum size of 8 AWG copper and need not be larger than 3/0 AWG copper.Run two sets of 250 URD service entrance conductors from the class 320 socket to two grouped 200 amp main breaker load centers per 230.40 Ex #2 (or two 150's, but 200s are pretty much the same price and you probably want a little bigger than minimum wire size for VD anyway).Learn what size ground wire and conductor you need for 400 amp service panels. Find out the NEC codes, local building codes and professional tips for copper, aluminum, bare and water ground wires.1000 amp 1 phase parallel UG service from POCO pad transformer to CT meter. Parallel 400 MCM copper from meter to Wire trough. Landed in power buss and split to multiple ATS and a few 200 amp disconnects all outdoor, then fed to interior panels throughout. My confusion occurs with GEC size in 2017 NEC.The best wire size for 50 amp service is a 6 AWG wire. The wire size will change based on various factors, like wire material, voltage drop, and distance. So, the wire size is 6 AWG copper or 4 AWG aluminum. The longer the distance, the more the resistance and the voltage drop.Run two sets of 250 URD service entrance conductors from the class 320 socket to two grouped 200 amp main breaker load centers per 230.40 Ex #2 (or two 150's, but 200s are pretty much the same price and you probably want a little bigger than minimum wire size for VD anyway).The minimum size of grounding conductors for 200 amp circuit protection should only be #6 copper or (4) aluminum, according to NEC Article 250. If you're in the United States, you'll probably stick to the National Electrical Code (NEC). National Electrical Code - NEC 2008.Sep 29, 2023 · The best wire size for a 400 amp service would be 1,000 kcmil aluminum wire or 600 kcmil copper wire. The wire size can change based on factors like the wire material, distance, voltage drop, temperature, and overhead and underground power lines.We are looking to run underground power for 200 amp service to our new shop that is about 250' away using aluminum wire. We are looking at running the wire in conduit. ... It is a 200 amp panel in the shop and the main pedestal is 400 amp - John. Apr 3, 2022 at 17:52. ... Size of wires, grounding wire, conduit for wires all depends (firstly ...Wire Strength and Material. You'll need to consider wire strength and material when determining whether to use 2/0 AWG copper wire or 4/0 AWG aluminum or copper-clad wire. According to the NEC, these are the correct wire sizes for a 200-amp service: Service Rating (Amps) Copper (AWG) Aluminum or Copper-Clad (AWG) 100. 4.Without a proper ground, electrical shock and even fires can occur. Now, back to the question at hand. The size of the ground wire for a 100 amp service depends on a number of factors, including the type of wire being used, the distance between the electrical panel and the main service entrance, and the gauge of the wire.. Generally, a 100 amp service requires a minimum of #6 copper wire or #4 ...Re: 400 amp service with 2-200 sub panels As for a better way of grounding. Having main bonding jumper father away from the service panel is not a better system useing 230.40 exception #3 will allow the main bonding jumper to be where it is needed at the house this will allow for a faster operation of breakers in the event of a ground fault since you wont have the long run to the meter disconect.120/240 volt, 3 wire, single phase service-entrance conductors, service lateral conductors and feeder conductors that serve as the main power feeder to a dwelling unit and are installed in raceway or cable with or without an equipment grounding conductor. For application of this section, the main400 amp service/ grounding and bonding. peco are bringing direct burial wires underground to my meter socket, I am going pipe into the bottom of my 320 meter socket. I then will have 2 200 amp disconnects one on left of meter socket and one on right, I am going to have a double lug in my meter and run 4/0 to my disconnects, then from my ...For the service wire, 150' isn't quite far enough to have to worry about voltage drop. Service and feeder to a dwelling is entitled to a favorable derate at 83% of service size. So 400A x 0.83 = 332A. You need wire rated for at least 332A at 75C thermal. That works out to 600 kcmil aluminum. (340A).For a 400 amp service, the minimum recommended cable size is 2/0 AWG copper or 4/0 AWG aluminum. However, depending on the length of the cable run and the level of current flowing through the cables. Larger cable sizes may be necessary to meet voltage drop requirements and ensure safe and efficient operation of the electrical system."inspector has turned down my service with the explanation that the circular mill of the 3/0 copper must equal or exceed the same as 600 kcmil copper needed to supply the ampacity of the service". Table 310.15(B)(6) lists the conductor size for a 400A dwelling service and feeders as 400 kcm copper or 600 kcm aluminum.. SINGLE PHASE, THREE WIRE 400 AMP SERVICE A. GENERAL NOTES: •Apr 19, 2018. #8. Stevenfyeager said: For 400 amp serv The wire -type equipment grounding conductor shall be sized in accordance with 250.122, based on the overcurrent protective device for the feeder or branch circuit. Wire -type equipment grounding conductors installed in cable trays shall meet the minimum requirements of 392.10 (B) (1) (c). Metal raceways or auxiliary gutters in accordance with ...800 amp feeder you want to use #3/0 which is a 200 amp conductor 800/200=4 sets. Switch to 600 kcmil which is a 420 amp conductor 800/420=1.9= 2 sets. In your example you want to use 2 sets for 400 amps that means that each set needs to have an ampacity of 400/2=200 amps or minimum size of #3/0. Ground/neutral bonding - good question. 600AL is 340 amp conductor. Using 600AL on a service with single main 400 amp OCPD is noncompliant even using the "round up" rule as 350 amp OCPD's are available. A person needs to select a conductor size with an ampacity past 350 amps to be able to select the next size up 400 amp OCPD assuming the calculated load is less than the conductor ...4 years ago I wired a Starbucks in a new plaza. A different electrical company was responsible for the plaza main service, sight lighting, and each units main feeder into their respected panels. They ran parallel conduits and feeders for a sub fed 400 amp service. They used 3/0 for the hots and neutral. They installed a #4 ground in each conduit. Switches breaker generator grounding 200amp circui...
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