John deere 2030 problems. May 8, 2018 · I think there is a port somewhere to check the charg...

The head gasket leaks a little oil on the right/rear, c

We have a 2030 John Deere that we are having a hydraulic issue with. When the engine is idling the rubber hose connecting the hydraulic pump to the oil cooler will …John Deere 1030, 1130, 1630, 1830, 2030 Mechanical Repair Manual. Free shipping by Download. Price: $39.99. GROUP 15-MULTIPLE-DISK CLUTCH AND SOLENOID. Multiple-Disk Clutch. Removal.The John Deere 2030 is a utility tractor that was produced from 1971 to 1975 as part of the Generation II series, available with various types of transmissions. With an 85.75 inch wheelbase and weighing between 4800 to 5230 pounds, the JD 2030 was designed for various agricultural tasks. It features a liquid-cooled, four-cylinder engine ...Read more: John Deere 5065E VS Kubota M6060 . Problem 5: Steering Problems Common steering issues. Steering problems can occur in the John Deere 318G skid steer loader, affecting maneuverability and control. Understanding the common steering issues that may arise is essential for troubleshooting and resolving these problems effectively.2032R Compact Tractor. 2032R. (0) Write a review. Standard LED headlights and fender lights. Comfortable, marine-grade seat stays in top condition. Larger, heavier frame for added stability. Up to 72" AutoConnect™ mid-mower deck can be installed or removed in under 5 minutes. For pricing and additional discounts, see your local John Deere Dealer.Let’s look at the list of 5 problems that you might face with your John Deere 2032r and their solutions. 1. Engine Won’t Start. Photo by Lee Cannon via Flickr. The trouble could be with the battery if the lawn tractor is challenging to turn on. Inspect to see if the battery is charged and has the expected voltage.Like other John Deere tractors, the 5075E is prized for its reliability, sturdiness, and durability. However, this model has a few issues that may affect its overall performance. The most common John Deere 5075E problems are transmission, fuel, clutch, starter, overheating, fuel gauge, and hydraulic issues. Read on as we examine these problems ...2 posts · Joined 2023. #25 · Jun 3, 2023. I am Peter Robert Gassama in the Gambia , new John Deere 2140 40series, 1979 1986 model owner having a hard steering turning issue with my tractor and needed advise and guidance. It's the raining season in the Gambia any moment this month of june 2023 please help me out.John Deere urged to surrender source code under GPL; Software fees to make up 10% of John Deere's revenues by 2030; Oh Deere: Farm hardware jailbroken …Engine problems on a John Deere 2030 will typically present as overheating, loss of power, or starting issues. Overheating can be caused by having a faulty cooling system (such as a clogged radiator or a bad water pump) which does not allow for the proper flow of coolant to cool the engine. Loss of power can be caused by a number …John Deere 2030 w/245SL Loader John Deere 6415 w/640SL Loader John Deere 285 50" deck Stolen May 2017 John Deere x485 62" deck AWS Kawasaki Mule 2510 4x4 bought new 1996 Ford F250 4x4 bought new 1978. Reactions: 4840450j and BigJim55. ... I am guessing since the problem was not there before, that the dealer could have cut an oring on the ...Products » Tractor Pumps for John Deere 2030. Transmission Oil Pump - New HR96662. Product Notes: Marked R39244 or R57959 Cross Reference Numbers: AR96662, AR201728 Note for using the HR96662 pump on a John Deere 2030: Used w/ 2-Speed PTO, 540-1000 RPM. View Details » ...The rare silver-backed chevrotain, an animal that looks like a deer and is as small as a rabbit, has been found Vietnam after being lost to science for 30 years. It’s not a mouse, ...John Deere power steering problems can be broken down into three main categories; hydraulic, belt, and steering wheel. Hydraulic Problems. Hydraulic problems can occur when the fluid level is low, the hoses are worn, or the pump is damaged. To identify these issues, check the fluid level, inspect the hoses for signs of wear and tear, …See full list on gardenaider.comLike other John Deere tractors, the 5075E is prized for its reliability, sturdiness, and durability. However, this model has a few issues that may affect its overall performance. The most common John Deere 5075E problems are transmission, fuel, clutch, starter, overheating, fuel gauge, and hydraulic issues. Read on as we examine these problems ...John Deere 2030 w/245SL Loader John Deere 6415 w/640SL Loader John Deere 285 50" deck Stolen May 2017 John Deere x485 62" deck AWS Kawasaki Mule 2510 4x4 bought new 1996 ... Did you get a solution to your problem. I am having a similar problem. Save Share. Like. CircleWRanch.John Deere shuttle shift problems are mainly caused by a bad fuse or low hydraulic fluid levels. ... 24 Common John Deere 2030 Problems and Solutions; John Deere 4110 Problems (All the Reasons and Fixes) John Deere Oil Filter Cross Reference Chart (2023) Post navigation.John Deere 2040 Problems, Specs, Attachments, Weight, Price, Engine and More. December 9, 2022 by Frank A. Richardson. John Deere is a leading agricultural equipment manufacturer, and their 2040 lineup is sure to have something for everyone. This lineup includes both new and updated models of tractors, combines, and other farm …John Deere tractors are made in America at a number of plants throughout the country, primarily in Illinois and Iowa. Many of these factories offer guided tours that provide an ins...The John Deere 2030 is a utility tractor that was produced from 1971 to 1975 as part of the Generation II series, available with various types of transmissions. With an 85.75 inch wheelbase and weighing between 4800 to 5230 pounds, the JD 2030 was designed for various agricultural tasks. It features a liquid-cooled, four-cylinder engine ...john deere 2030 tractor equipped with roll-gard and canopy (serial no. 187301- ) (manufactured 1972-1975) ... john deere dubuque tractor works the tractor chassis serial number plate (serial no. -187300) is located on the right side of transmission case above footrest. serial number plate (serial no. 187301- ) isAug 30, 2022. #1. Your 2030 PTO sounds like my 2030 PTO. It is the independent PTO (single stage clutch). You do not have to use the engine clutch when engaging the PTO. The lever between the shift levers operates the control valve for the hydraulic pack that drives the PTO. The mechanical disconnect for the rear PTO shaft is on the left side ...John Deere 2030 Diesel. Tx Jim. 2048 posts · Joined 2010. #4 · Apr 4, 2013 (Edited) On the not running very long & won't run above idle: That's typical symptoms of a plugged inj pump fuel return line fitting (parts key #4) or return line. When excess diesel fuel can't be returned to the tank the pressure gets too high inside the inj pump ...No power steering John Deere 2030. Hi, I'm new on here not quite sure how this works. 2300 PSI at the rear remote, I rebuilt the brakes they work perfect. I don't have power steering, cannot find a priority valve, or a hydraulic supply line externally to the steering column. The Rock arms come up when you push down on the control, they go …The John Deere 2030 is a 2WD utility tractor from the Generation II series. This tractor was manufactured by John Deere in Dubuque, Iowa, USA and Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany from 1971 to 1975. The JD 2030 is equipped with a 3.6 L four-cylinder diesel or gasoline engine and one of three variants of the transmission.Messages. 1. Tractor. John Deere 5065e. I have a 2020 JD 5065e mainly used for raking and loading bales. Taken to dealer twice with no solution. Everything works perfectly. It has a power reverser transmission that can be shifted forward Neutral Reverse w/o main clutch. Works perfectly for about 10 minutes after start-up.Sep 8, 2020 / John Deere 2520 3-point hitch problem - stuck #2 . Dwellonroof Gold Member. Joined Jan 14, 2018 Messages 452 Location Batavia, Ohio Tractor John Deere 3046r. ... Deere Progator 2030. I would start by disassembling, inspecting, and cleaning out your rock shaft control valve. It controls the flow of hydraulic fluid out of the rock ...Apr 7, 2023 · 3. Gears Switching Problems. If the transmission fluid of a John Deere 2030 is low or contaminated, it could cause troubled gear-switching. To fix these issues you can follow these steps. Step 1: Check the transmission fluid level. If more fluid is needed add it and even you may need to change the fluid.The John Deere 2030 was considered to be a reasonably priced tractor in its segment with a price of $9000 when it was coming off the assembly line. However that price may be a little different when buying the JD 2030 second hand. One of the highlights of John Deere 2030 is that it has got an engine capacity of 68 HP, making it a great machine ...lpakiz said: Try rigging up a temporary ground from the negative battery post to the base of the fuel sender itself. I have seen a fuel tank lose its ground to the frame. i was a truck mechanic for quite a few years. Senders fail, wiring fails, the ground path fails, but the dash gauge VERY VERY seldom fails.Nov 6, 2015 · John Deere 2030 Everything is back together and the only problem we solved is the three point doesn't settle anymore, which needed to be fixed anyway. Still the same problem, when the tractor/oil is cold everything works fine but once it warms up the steering, three point and loader chatter/move slow.First Deere 1830-2030 Lots of questions. ... Also I would like to check/change the oil filter screen in the transmission as it seems like a common problem area. When i pull it out how much oil will come out, ... The oil cooler i found by using the john deere parts catalogue Sectional index>#20 Engine>#50 oil cooler at the link below.John Deere 2030, John Deere 6415. I agree, get your battery tested or just replace it. I've heard people have had good and bad luck with battery chargers that "desulfate" or "repair" batteries that wont charge. ... 1990 JD 322; 1987 JD 332; 1985 JD 318; 2010 JD ProGator 2030A; Have you resolved this problem? If not a battery …John Deere 2130 tractor overview. References: Operator's Manual 145 Loader (OMW21474) Tractors 1130, 2030, 2130, 3130 published in 1976, by John DeereJul 28, 2010 · 1404 posts · Joined 2007. #2 · Jul 28, 2010. I think you have maybe two problems. First, if you have a valve on the splitter, be sure it is for closed center hydraulic system. Second, you may need to change the oil flow on your scv valve on the tractor so that it returns oil to the filter cover.See Also: 16 Common John Deere 2030 Problems. 16. Hitch cannot be dropped, or dropping is too slow. The hydraulic cylinder is bad – Fix a new hydraulic cylinder or repair it. Inaccurately adjusted hydraulic spool valve – Fix the spool valve rightly. The Hitch rock shaft is old – Fix a new shaft. Misadjusted hitch – The three-point hitch must be fixed the …If the above doesn't fix the problem I suggest you have a good a/c service man check it out. ... John Deere 2030, John Deere 6415. I can't say any better than jenkinsph or Tx Jim about keeping the system clean for the best heat transfer. There are charts that tell normal suction side pressure vs ambient temp, if you have the correct …The most common John Deere 2010 problems are engine issues, PTO problems, hydraulic issues, fuel system issues, problematic steering, electrical issues, and transmission problems. A few of the problems are due to maintenance issues, while others are due to the consistent wear of mechanical components. Let’s examine JD 2010 issues in detail ...May 19, 2023 · John Deere 2030 4wd, R reg, 1977, Shindler front axle, Duncan cab, 2 spools, one owner from new, £POA . Get Shipping Quotes Opens in a new tab. Search By Category;3. Wiring problems: Faulty or damaged wiring can disrupt the communication between the fuel sending unit and the fuel gauge, leading to inaccurate readings. Corrosion, loose connections, or damaged wires may need to be repaired or replaced. 4. Float mechanism issues: Some fuel gauges use a float mechanism to measure the fuel level. If the float gets stuck at the full position or if it becomes ...I have a 73 2030 with a hydraulic system problem. No reverser, no Hi/Lo shift, single rear live PTO. After running for a few min. the system starts to (800) 853-2651. Shop Now: TRACTOR PARTS. Allis Chalmers; Case & David Brown; Farmall ... John Deere Tractors Discussion Forum:There are a number of places to find genuine John Deere parts and aftermarket John Deere parts, depending on your budget and specific needs. The John Deere website, official John D...3. Gears Switching Problems. If the transmission fluid of a John Deere 2030 is low or contaminated, it could cause troubled gear-switching. To fix these issues you can follow these steps. Step 1: Check the transmission fluid level. If more fluid is needed add it and even you may need to change the fluid.Aug 13, 2020 · 6 posts · Joined 2020. #1 · Aug 13, 2020. I have a John Deere 2030 and I am continuing to have hydraulic troubles. All hydraulics (lift and remotes) have quit working many times. When using the lift some times you can hear start chattering and when you move the remote lever it will stop chattering. After doing this many times all the ...Messages. 1. Tractor. John Deere 5065e. I have a 2020 JD 5065e mainly used for raking and loading bales. Taken to dealer twice with no solution. Everything works perfectly. It has a power reverser transmission that can be shifted forward Neutral Reverse w/o main clutch. Works perfectly for about 10 minutes after start-up.1. Location. Lamar Mo. Tractor. John Deere 2030. I've got a 2030 that when I went to start it I had nothing when I turned the key. The battery is brand new but I hooked the charger up anyway, still nothing no lights gauges moving either. Test light shows power at starter and I can turn the engine over by jumping across at the starter with a ...5. John Deere 5055E Engine Overheat Problem. If the JD 5500e continuously overheats, the difficulty can be most possibly with the coolant or cooling system. The first assessment is the very apparent coolant level. Fill coolant to the proposed level. Then get to the cooling system to examine any relaxed connection or leak.Jul 15, 2010 · Subject: Re: opinions on JD 2030. High Springs, Florida. Wonderful tractor, used to lease one every year to pull the grape harvester, back in the mid 70's. Always got one with independent PTO and Hi-Lo shuttleshift. It has the same 219 4 cylinder engine as the 2520. A real easy rebuild, for about $2500 in parts.This is a new project tractor I picked up over memorial day weekend. Solid bones and will be a keeper.Bunch of minor repairs to do with the biggest being the...We've been having some problems with our MX6. Last week, we noticed the slip clutch was literally burnt. My dad had been mowing, and then never noticed it burning up. ... John Deere 2030 w/245SL Loader John Deere 6415 w/640SL Loader John Deere 285 50" deck Stolen May 2017 John Deere x485 62" deck AWS Kawasaki Mule 2510 4x4 bought new 1996Jul 14, 2013 / hydraulic problems on 2030 #21 . P. Paul arnold New member. Joined Jul 13, 2013 Messages 8 Location Guernsey Tractor ... John Deere 2030, John Deere 6415.Aug 23, 2021 · I’m helping family members with the repair of a 1974 JD 2030 here. The issue at hand is loss of lift and hard steering after about 30 minutes of idling. If you accelerate more the lift arms do go up. If you try to lift and turn while driving slow you have a hard time doing it. What has been done so far: Replaced front pump.JohnBrown Discussion starter. 14 posts · Joined 2013. #1 · Oct 11, 2015. 1974 John Deere 2030, had it since it was new. Best machinery I ever owned but it lost hydraulics today. Pulling a brush hog last few days in rough conditions but that is not unusual. Fueled and greased this afternoon.There are a number of places to find genuine John Deere parts and aftermarket John Deere parts, depending on your budget and specific needs. The John Deere website, official John D...John Deere 2030 is a Row-Crop tractor that was produced by the John Deere between 1971 – 1975. Below you will find detailed technical specifications for John Deere 2030 covering engine types, horsepower ratings, weight, height, fuel type and tank volume, oil capacity and type, hydraulic system diagram, wiring diagram, battery specs, etc.President Joe Biden just signed a sweeping executive order that will create right-to-repair rules for cellphone companies, as well as big ag companies like John Deere. Who would be...We have been having issues with plugged hydraulic filters here lately with the 7200R. We ended up finding that the brake disk on the left side was completely...Clogging in air filter/cleaner. Cold start system worked incorrectly. Broken or Worn Piston Rings. Injection pump drive shaft is defective. Water mixed in the fuel. Crankcase oil too heavy. Use oil of proper viscosity. John Deere 2030 engine malfunctions. Engine hard to start sometimes.Let’s look at the list of 5 problems that you might face with your John Deere 2032r and their solutions. 1. Engine Won’t Start. Photo by Lee Cannon via Flickr. The trouble could be with the battery if the lawn tractor is challenging to turn on. Inspect to see if the battery is charged and has the expected voltage.2032R Compact Tractor. 2032R. (0) Write a review. Standard LED headlights and fender lights. Comfortable, marine-grade seat stays in top condition. Larger, heavier frame for added stability. Up to 72" AutoConnect™ mid-mower deck can be installed or removed in under 5 minutes. For pricing and additional discounts, see your local John Deere Dealer.John Deere Tractors Discussion Forum: Show Parts for Model: Discussion Forums > John Deere Tractors > 2030 new clutch problems. 2030 new clutch problems. Welcome Guest, Log in or Register: Author : Parry Jones 10-23-2007 02:57:13. Report to Moderator: I was just asked by an elderly neighbor to look at his 1987 JD 2030 …I have a 2030 John Deere farm utility tractor with a transmission problem. The machine has a standard transmission meaning that it has two shifters -- the left side being the one of concern. I currently have the shifter housing off the machine allowing me to view the forks the shifter engages to make the selection.John Deere 2030 w/245SL Loader John Deere 6415 w/640SL Loader John Deere 285 50" deck Stolen May 2017 John Deere x485 62" deck AWS Kawasaki Mule 2510 4x4 bought new 1996 Ford F250 4x4 bought new 1978. Save Share. Like. Sort by Oldest first Oldest first Newest first Most reactions.John Deere 2030 4wd, R reg, 1977, Shindler front axle, Duncan cab, 2 spools, one owner from new, £POA . Get Shipping Quotes Opens in a new tab. Search By Category; Search By Model; Search By …Disassembling a John Deere 6715 to find the cause of the John Deere 6715 diff lock problem.ProGator 2020A/2030A: John Deere Owner Information. We offer several options to finding owner information. Whether you use the operator manual and safety information that you received from your dealer at delivery time, you want additional information online or just want to contact your dealer, we are here for you.The John Deere 2030 was considered to be a reasonably priced tractor in its segment with a price of $9000 when it was coming off the assembly line. However that price may be a little different when buying the JD 2030 second hand. One of the highlights of John Deere 2030 is that it has got an engine capacity of 68 HP, making it a great machine ...jd 5105m owners, Can you please let me know of common problems/issues/repairs on a 5105m. I just bought a 2011 and have found the following that i will be getting fixed on warranty. -leaking mid mount hyd multicouplers. - leaking 3point left cylinder. - leaking front differential. - damaged boot on shift linkage.Additionally, the 3050, which is an older John Deere model, is prone to need a transmission rebuild. Overall, transmission repairs are among the most common problems with John Deere tractors. Plus, an intense vibration during operation seems to jar, loosen and potentially break or wear down moving parts, which leads to repairs.Hydraulic Pump - NewR94657N. Product Notes: Splined Shaft - 8 Piston w/o Serial Plate. Dim: 2.4 Cubic Inch, 3 Port, 7/8" Pressure, 1-5/8" Suction. Benefits: • Assembled in the USA, at our facility in Iowa. • Built using all new components. • Pressure set to OEM specifications. • Flow tested at operating temperature.In this video I go through the steps to remove the hydraulic lift cover or what is at times called the rockshaft cover. This the same job as on the John Deer...ProGatorUtilityVehicle 2020Aand2030A(S.N. 060001-) TECHNICALMANUAL ProGatorUtilityVehicle 2020Aand2030A (S.N.060001-) TM11781912OCT16 (ENGLISH) JohnDeereTurfCareSep 9, 2021 · I was using my 2030 John Deere and noticed that the hydraulic pump was making a chattering noise and the loader was not working smoothly. Then everything with the hydraulics quit. No power steering or PTO either. Changed the hydraulic oil and filter. There was water in the oil. Hydraulics are still not working. Mechanic's Assistant: Sometimes ...10 posts · Joined 2022. #1 · Mar 2, 2024. Hi there, I'm having problems starting my John Deere 2030. The batteries are all charged, but the starter won't fully engage. It starts to turn the engine over but falters. I've had an issue with the key for the past 6 months that I haven't fixed, so I've been jumping the solenoid with a screwdriver ...Whatever the problem, John Deere service technicians are trained to diagnose the issue and get your equipment back up and running quickly. For more tips and tricks, be sure to subscribe to the Papé Machinery Agriculture & Turf YouTube channel , where you can catch our weekly series The Toolkit - Product Insights From the Pros .Nov 3, 2020 · In this video I go through the steps to remove the hydraulic lift cover or what is at times called the rockshaft cover. This the same job as on the John Deer...Aug 17, 2014 · Aug 17, 2014 / john deere 5200 problems #1 . J. jdf1966 New member. Joined Aug 17, 2014 Messages 5 ... John Deere 2030, John Deere 6415. Make sure the PTO is not engaged.Problems concerning the transmission system in the John Deere 2030 are an issue, too, particularly concern regarding gear slippage and fluid leaking. Worn out clutch disks and incorrect position of the synchronisers (or another malfunction in the transmission system) are also main causes of gear slippage and fluid leaking.Jul 28, 2010 · 1404 posts · Joined 2007. #2 · Jul 28, 2010. I think you have maybe two problems. First, if you have a valve on the splitter, be sure it is for closed center hydraulic system. Second, you may need to change the oil flow on your scv valve on the tractor so that it returns oil to the filter cover.Re: JD 2030 Hydraulic problems in reply to rcj94, 12-27-2005 09:10:30 IF the pump is starved for oil, it might be the charge pump has issues which would cause the problems you refer to and fit in your theory.jd 5105m owners, Can you please let me know of common problems/issues/repairs on a 5105m. I just bought a 2011 and have found the following that i will be getting fixed on warranty. -leaking mid mount hyd multicouplers. - leaking 3point left cylinder. - leaking front differential. - damaged boot on shift linkage.Sep 13, 2009 · Sep 13, 2009 / JOhn Deere 2030 problem #1 . B. bullrun New member. Joined Sep 13, 2009 Messages 2. My JD 2030 starting stutting down under load. I thought it was a ...Disassembling a John Deere 6715 to find the cause of the John Deere 6715 diff lock problem.2030 John Deere PTO problem. Jump to Latest Follow 5K views 7 replies 3 participants last post by Zebra5 Jul 17, 2018. R. runningcolorsequine Discussion starter 4 posts · Joined 2018 Add to quote; Only show this user #1 · Jul 12, 2018. Recent purchase. PTO lever is pushed past the normal "on" position and is jammed. ...10 posts · Joined 2022. #1 · Mar 2, 2024. Hi there, I'm having problems starting my John Deere 2030. The batteries are all charged, but the starter won't fully engage. It starts to turn the engine over but falters. I've had an issue with the key for the past 6 months that I haven't fixed, so I've been jumping the solenoid with a screwdriver ...John Deere is a trusted name in the agricultural industry and has been providing farmers with reliable, high-quality equipment for over 170 years. To keep your John Deere running a...John Deere 2150 3 point hydraulic problem. Hey everyone, Im new to JD tractors. I have a 1984 2150 with a 175 loader. When a bush-hog is connected on the 3pt and raised the loader requires a lot of throttle to lift the bucket. When the 3pt has nothing on it no throttle is required. The big thing is when the tractor is turned off the 3pt will ...If you’re looking for agricultural, forestry or construction machinery, you can’t go wrong if you choose John Deere. For additional product information and warranty coverage, you n...I was using my 2030 John Deere and noticed that the hydraulic pump was making a chattering noise and the loader was not working smoothly. Then everything with the hydraulics quit. No power steering or PTO either. Changed the hydraulic oil and filter. There was water in the oil. Hydraulics are still not working. Mechanic's Assistant: Sometimes ...John Deere 2030 Diesel. Tx Jim. 2048 posts · Joined 2010. #4 · Apr 4, 2013 (Edited) On the not running very long & won't run above idle: That's typical symptoms of a plugged inj pump fuel return line fitting (parts key #4) or return line. When excess diesel fuel can't be returned to the tank the pressure gets too high inside the inj pump ...Before the renovation, this was not the problem. Does anyone know what has happened or what is wrong? Hope you understand my bad language! Save Share. Like. ... John Deere 2030 w/245SL Loader John Deere 6415 w/640SL Loader John Deere 285 50" deck Stolen May 2017 John Deere x485 62" deck AWS Kawasaki Mule 2510 4x4 …. 3-Point Hitch hydraulic problems on 2030. Thread starter AJun 13, 2021 · From there clean the terminals and the c Apr 25, 2012 / hydraulic problems on 2030 #11 . Tx Jim New Member. Joined Jan 26, 2007 Messages 10,029 Location ... John deere 2030. Which is the loader valve please ...Problems concerning the transmission system in the John Deere 2030 are an issue, too, particularly concern regarding gear slippage and fluid leaking. Worn out clutch disks and incorrect position of the synchronisers (or another malfunction in the transmission system) are also main causes of gear slippage and fluid leaking. 2630 hyd problem I think I'm readin Maintenance tips for John Deere 5200. Replace engine oil and oil filter. Check for leaks. Clean or replace the air filter to ensure proper engine performance. Replace the fuel filter to prevent fuel system issues. Inspect coolant level and condition. Top up or replace coolant as needed. One deer was found with almost 10 lbs of pl...

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